Hematite

Formula: Fe2O3 Hexagonal Description: “Needle Ore” hematite, longest needle is about 20 cm long. From Montreal Mine in Iron County, Wisconsin. (Photo by W. Cordua.) Hematite is an extremely common mineral. It can form as a sedimentary precipitate, …

Halloysite

Formula: Al2Si2O5(OH)4 Monoclinic Description: Halloysite is a clay mineral formed by weathering or hydrothermal alteration of other aluminum-rich minerals. It occurs intermixed with kaolin and other clay minerals. Its identification requires x-ray analysis. Many “clay” occurrences within …

Glauconite

Formula: (K,Na)(Fe3+,Al,Mg)2(Si,Al)4O10(OH)2 Monoclinic Description: Glauconite is abundant in the Paleozoic sandstones in Wisconsin where it forms rounded dark green sand-sized nodules. At places glauconite may make up the majority of the rock, forming what are commonly called …

Pyrite

Pyrite is the most common sulfide found in many environments. It is a common accessory mineral in igneous, sedimentary and metamorphic rocks. It also is abundant in most hydrothermal deposits. Only the most significant occurrences …

Cacoxenite

Formula: AlFe24(PO4)17O6(OH)12.17H2O Hexagonal Description: Formed as an alteration of other phosphates. It occurs with minerals such apatite, dufrenite, and wavellite and with iron oxides such as goethite. It is an unusually attractive mineral, often forming small …

Hornblende

Formula: (Ca,Na)(Mg,Fe)4Al(Si7Al)O22(OH,F)2 Monoclinic Description: Hornblende as a mineral name has been recently discredited. Here it is used as a field name for any dark amphibole for which the exact composition has not been determined. In the past …

Potassium Feldspar

Formula: KAlSi3O8 Monoclinic or Triclinic Description: Potassium feldspar refers to any of the three polymorphs microcline, orthoclase or sanidine. The distinction between these minerals can be made with certainty only after detailed X-Ray analysis. This has not …